Adhesions in microbes are used for what purpose?

Adhesions in microbes play a crucial role in the initial stages of infection by allowing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens to attach firmly to host cells. This attachment is essential because it enables the microbe to colonize specific tissues and establish an infection. Adhesive structures can be proteins, carbohydrates, or other molecules that interact with specific receptors on the surface of host cells.

This sticking ability enhances the pathogen's ability to resist being flushed away by bodily fluids like mucus or saliva, facilitating persistence and increasing the likelihood of successful infection. Without adhesion, microbes may be easily eliminated by host defenses before they can cause disease. Thus, adhesion is a fundamental mechanism that contributes to the ability of microbes to thrive within their hosts.