What term describes a reinforced cell membrane?

The term that describes a reinforced cell membrane is "pellicle." In microbiology, a pellicle is a rigid structure that provides support and protection to certain types of cells, particularly in some protozoa and in certain bacteria. The pellicle is a specialized membrane that usually consists of proteins and carbohydrates, creating a more robust framework compared to a typical cell membrane.

This allows the cell to maintain its shape and integrity, especially in environments where mechanical stress might occur or where a defined shape is crucial for cellular function. The pellicle is not a complete barrier like a cell wall but serves to enhance the properties of the membrane, allowing for both flexibility and strength.

Understanding the role of the pellicle is vital, particularly in distinguishing it from other components like the cell wall, which is found in many bacteria and plants. The cell wall provides a rigid outer layer, while the pellicle acts as an additional layer of structural integrity for certain organisms, reflecting its unique functionality in specific ecological niches.