Which microbial group is known for their ability to use inorganic substances for energy?

The microbial group recognized for their ability to utilize inorganic substances for energy is indeed the chemoautotrophs. These organisms harness energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds such as iron, sulfur, or ammonia. This process allows them to synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide, which is critical for their growth and survival in environments that lack sunlight or organic carbon sources.

Chemoautotrophs play a vital role in various ecosystems, particularly in extreme environments like hydrothermal vents, where they can thrive in the absence of light by using chemicals from their surroundings. This ability distinguishes them from other microbial groups, such as heterotrophs, which rely on organic compounds for energy and carbon, and photoautotrophs, which depend on light as their energy source. While the term autotrophs includes both chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs, it does not specifically highlight the unique organic substrate capabilities of chemoautotrophs. Thus, knowing the specific mechanisms through which these microbes obtain energy is crucial for understanding the diversity of microbial life and its ecological functions.